443 pointsby klaussilveira6 hours ago23 comments
  • cwillu3 hours ago
    “Mac will try hard not to let you run this; it will tell you the app is damaged and can’t be opened and helpfully offer to trash it for you. From a terminal you can xattr -cr /path/to/OpenCiv3.app to enable running it.”

    How far OSX has come since the days of the “cancel or allow” parody advert.

    • WildWeazelan hour ago
      Mac support is the bane of my existence. It doesn't help that none of us core contributors have one, so if anyone is willing to be a lab monkey...
      • darthcircuitan hour ago
        You can run macOS in a docker container. There’s no hardware acceleration for gpu, but works well enough.

        You can also try macinabox if you have unraid:

        https://hub.docker.com/r/spaceinvaderone/macinabox

        It’s probably the easiest way of setting up a Mac VM if you have unraid. I know there are similar options for qemu and kvm based hypervisors. If you have an amd gpu you should be able to pass it through.

      • AceJohnny2an hour ago
        Apple has been slowly tightening the screws on app notarization (code signing) requirements for running apps on macOS. To do it properly you need to be a registered developer ($100/year), and they're certainly not making it easy if you don't have access to a Mac.

        https://support.apple.com/guide/security/app-code-signing-pr...

        > On devices with macOS 10.15, all apps distributed outside the App Store must be signed by the developer using an Apple-issued Developer ID certificate (combined with a private key) and notarized by Apple to run under the default Gatekeeper settings.

        Re: Developer ID Certificates: https://developer.apple.com/help/account/certificates/create...

        I suspect the friction that users are facing are due to dodging the above requirements.

    • ceejayoz3 hours ago
      To be fair, the threat landscape changed, too.
      • antiframe2 hours ago
        Not terribly fair. When Windows decided running everything as administrator was bad and to add a visual sudo-like prompt, Apple made fun of them for it, but it was Microsoft reacting to a changing threat landscape then too.
        • klodolph2 hours ago
          Vista gets maligned but UAC is a good feature to have around, and Vista introduced it.
      • Folcon2 hours ago
        I mean it has, but the situation is getting ridiculous, I'm at the point where I'm honestly not sure what special set of magical incantations and rituals I need to do to get this process to work, it seems to change between different bits of software and get more complex with time as if Apple keeps finding proverbial bigger fools who can get through this mess without intending to and so they're solution is to keep making it increasingly more Byzantine

        The thing that really irks me is I've got a paid developer account with Apple, I've already done the xcode dance, notarized binaries and all that nonsense, shouldn't this have activated some super special bit on my Apple account that says

        “this one needs to do random stuff now and again and after saying, `Hey just checking in, doing this will do X to your computer probably, and maybe set it on fire, but if you say "go for it, I promise I know what I'm doing', I'm gonna trust you champ`, finger guns

        (not sure why in my head the personification of Apple would do "finger guns", but here we are I guess :shrug:)

        Hell at this point I'll take a checkbox in my settings that says, ”Some people are into extreme sports, I love to install random binaries, just get out of my way“

        • imglorp2 hours ago
          You shouldn't need the company's permission to run whatever you want on your machine.
          • chonglian hour ago
            It's not an issue of permission, it's an issue of trying to make a computer that's safe for grandma to use. Criminals can and will convince grandma to navigate a byzantine labyrinth of prompts and technical measures in order to drain her bank account. That's the threat model we're dealing with here.
            • Der_Einzige5 minutes ago
              We should have never tried to let grandma on computers. Wait until the genAI revolution is complete (2027) and she can entirely use her voice and an AI agent in natural language to do things. This but unironically. Gate keeping is very good and keeps enshittification at bay. We see what happens when Apple tried to let in too many normies and wouldn't let them get darwin awards.
              • chongli3 minutes ago
                Who's to say the criminals won't use a genAI agent to call grandma and social-engineer her so they can drain her bank account?
          • klodolph2 hours ago
            …you don’t, just like you don’t need the bank’s permission to withdraw funds… but they will still try and stop you pulling out $10,000 so you can buy iTunes gift cards to pay off your taxes.
    • tclancy3 hours ago
      What is going on with this? I tried that and the alias I have built in for this problem, `make_safe() { xattr -d -r com.apple.quarantine $1 }`

      The application cannot be opened for an unexpected reason, error=Error Domain=RBSRequestErrorDomain Code=5 "Launch failed." UserInfo={NSLocalizedFailureReason=Launch failed., NSUnderlyingError=0xae1038720 {Error Domain=NSPOSIXErrorDomain Code=163 "Unknown error: 163" UserInfo={NSLocalizedDescription=Launchd job spawn failed}}}

      • freakynitan hour ago
        The situation is actually worse than it looks.

        This error exists because Apple has effectively made app notarization mandatory, otherwise, users see this warning. In theory, notarization is straightforward: upload your DMG via their API, and within minutes you get a notarized/stamped app back.

        …until you hit the infamous "Team is not yet configured for notarization" error.

        Once that happens, you can be completely blocked from notarizing your app for months. Apple has confirmed via email that this is a bug on their end. It affects many developers, has been known for years, and Apple still hasn't fixed it. It completely elimiates any chances of you being able to notarize your app, thus, getting rid of this error/warning.

        Have a loot at how many people are suffering from this for years with no resolution yet: https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/118465

      • tclancy3 hours ago
        And it inspired me to buy it for $0.99 and that doesn't work on Mac either. The [your least favorite tribe] really are revolting.
    • heavyset_go2 hours ago
      This is the reason I dropped macOS as a platform target. Apple will make users think you're a hacker trying to trick them, because macOS acts as if your app is radioactive if you don't pay the Apple tax, and refuses to let users run the apps they want.

      Maybe 1 out of 1,000 users will know the magic ritual required to run what they want on their machine, and for every one of those, 10,000 are gaslit into thinking you were trying to harm them by macOS' scary warnings and refusal to do what they want.

    • adarsh23212 hours ago
      [dead]
  • tdrz2 minutes ago
    Really cool, I want something like that for Railroad Tycoon 2.
  • tfehring6 hours ago
    Civ III is still my go-to activity for long flights with no internet - I've yet to find a better way to instantly time-travel forward 12 hours.

    I haven't tried OpenCiv3, but I'm glad it exists - getting vanilla Civ III running on MacOS is a hassle and still has issues with e.g. audio and cutscenes. I also hope it leads to a way to improve worker automation. Managing your workers well is important, doing it manually is tedious, and the built-in Automate feature is really bad.

    • b3ing4 hours ago
      I like Civilization games but they make 4hrs feel like 30min, so I can’t play them. Otherwise it would be the year 2060 already
      • huevosabio33 minutes ago
        Yes, exactly I had to stop myself starting the game after 7 else I don't sleep
      • mr_toad3 hours ago
        I feel like my last words could be ‘just one more turn’.
    • Der_Einzige3 minutes ago
      The total war games are like civilization but with actually good combat. Especially if you get mods like DEI for Rome 2, RTR for Rome 1 remastered, etc. It's regrettable that we let the grimdark warhammer crowd define the series.

      The paradox grand strategy games are like civilization but with real agency and at times straight up historical accuracy.

      Meanwhile I have to deal with Ghandi actually nuking everyone (the bug is ACTUALLY REAL IN CIV 5, the best modern civ game!). Not sure why Indians aren't mad as hell at the whole series.

    • kilroy1234 hours ago
      How did I not ever think to do this? Such a good idea.
    • colechristensen5 hours ago
      The key here is seeing this mentioned and not time traveling forward until 6 AM Saturday morning.
      • donw4 hours ago
        Yeah, that's what Factorio is for.
        • ssl-3an hour ago
          Factorio is a game about bird songs.
    • SilverElfinan hour ago
      > I've yet to find a better way to instantly time-travel forward 12 hours

      I find it very hard to use a computer in the cramped tables of the plane. And the person in front always ends up aggressively reclining only when I have a laptop out. Plus I feel bad that maybe my bright light is disturbing the people sleeping next to me.

    • mikeaskew44 hours ago
      There goes my weekend…
  • WildWeazel5 hours ago
    Hi all, OpenCiv3 founder here. Thanks for the support! Check us out on Civfanatics or Discord to keep up with the project.
    • davely16 minutes ago
      Oh my, this brings me back! One of my fondest gaming memories involves a massive Civilization 3 PBEM match between a number of Civilization fan sites, where we all had private forums and ran these virtual nations against each other. This was way back in 2002 or 2003!

      I believe Civfanatics was in it (run by “Chieftess” if I recall), Apolyton (which I was a member of — elected in as Minister of Public Works and had to come up with a plan to clear our pesky jungles) and a number of other sites.

      It was such an awesome time. Real diplomacy and trade negotiations between the fan sites while waiting to play our turns. Man, it was fun.

    • slazaro5 hours ago
      Any interesting insights about using Godot with C#? I love C# and I'm happy using it in Godot even though it's not as seamless as in Unity: in Godot 4 we still can't export to Web if the project is C#, and there's the whole conversion between C# types and Godot types that adds inefficiencies and extra allocations, etc.; it feels like it's a second-class language in Godot.

      I'm always interested in seeing what people find when developing larger projects in C#.

      • huevosabio2 hours ago
        We were building on C# Godot and I think it is a second class citizen in the sense that 1) you can't export to wasm and 2) they are moving the interface to be handled by gdextension.

        That said, I think once you get the gist of it and understand the landmines, it is really nice to use vanilla dotnet rather than unity's fork.

    • ukuina2 hours ago
      Would it be feasible to add an API to OpenCiv3 (or run it as an SDK) so we can script up actions?
      • WildWeazelan hour ago
        There will certainly at least be (technically already is) a Lua scripting interface for mods. We've hand-waved some talk of a proper C# SDK but have no concrete plans yet.
    • popalchemist4 hours ago
      Have you considered adding LLM features for the negotiations? Could be cool.
      • anthonyIPH2 hours ago
        From what I've seen with projects like this, the successful ones do a good job of 'sticking to the mission' of faithfully recreating the original game in a modern engine (openMW, daggerfall unity, all my points of reference are TES related)

        The neat part is that they are open source, so anyone who wants to take it in a different direction can fork it. The multiplayer version openMW being a great example of this.

      • wilson0902 hours ago
        you may be interested in https://www.paxhistoria.co/
      • wewtyflakes3 hours ago
        You are getting downvoted, but this is a cool idea. Diplomacy has historically been a weak part of the series, and being able to shore that up may be a lot of fun to play against.
        • chonglian hour ago
          I would say diplomacy is the most misunderstood feature of the series. Players constantly say they want a stronger AI that's smarter at diplomacy. But whenever they have built an AI like that, their play testers complained that it doesn't behave like a real world leader (too ruthless).

          This experience led Soren Johnson (co-designer of Civ III and lead designer of Civ IV) to the realization that Civ AIs are supposed to "play to lose" [1].

          [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IJcuQQ1eWWI

          • wewtyflakes30 minutes ago
            That makes sense, but at the end of the day, it may be more fun to play around with opponents that act more relatedly. This could take the form of in-game/session-appropriate diplomatic responses that don't read like pre-canned text, or, having explanatory text for why the AI is acting perhaps in goofy ways (which comes up a lot).
        • ant6n3 hours ago
          Maybe ask Ghandi for his favorite scone recipe, so that he won’t nuke you.
      • WildWeazel2 hours ago
        not sure if serious...
        • Marsymars5 minutes ago
          Even if you don't want an LLM for the actual functionality of negotiations, LLM-generated text would be neat. As-is, the text becomes irrelevant, "Our words are backed with nuclear weapons" is just "nukes = true" - letting an LLM tell you the AI has nukes seems like harmless fun.
  • bigstrat20036 hours ago
    I love that the community is doing this, though I'm curious why Civ 3 in particular. My understanding was that "classic" (for lack of a better term) Civ fans tend to prefer either 2 or 4, and that 3 was considered to be not as good. But perhaps I was mistaken as to the community's opinions on the games.
    • caminanteblanco5 hours ago
      I can definitely vouch for the 2 or 4 narrative, those have always been my favorites of the 'Modernish' civ games, but my favorite will always be CivNet (Civ 1 with multiplayer). There is some real simplicity in Civ 1 that makes it much better suited to a multiplayer experience than the later entries. It is a real pain to get any non-hotseat multiplayer working nowawdays, but well-worth it.
      • npunt3 hours ago
        Agree, wish there were quality of life improvements to Civ1 that kept the simplicity and aesthetics fully intact, while modernizing some of the tedious mid/late game stuff like managing each city in a large empire based on some straightforward goals like 'more science' or 'fastest path to rocketry' or whatnot.

        Freeciv unfortunately has none of the charm of Civ1.

      • dr_dshiv3 hours ago
        I love civ 1 so so much.
    • acessoproibido5 hours ago
      For me the most classic one is Civ III by a mile. 4 was way too modern/ flashy for me and 2 too old school. But maybe I was just born at the right time for 3.
      • rpiguy3 hours ago
        You can turn off a lot of the Civ 4 flash and it will feel more like Civ III.

        But to each his own. Civ 4 was the first one that really, really hooked me.

        • rmunnan hour ago
          For me it was Civ 4's modability that made it the best for me. Because when I got tired of playing Civ 4's normal game, I could install the Fall From Heaven mod and play a completely different game. Wizards, golems, angels, demons, spells, wild animals instead of barbarians (which could be tamed and turned into your own units if you had units with the right promotions)... it made for a completely different gameplay experience.

          If I hadn't quit computer games cold turkey (when I realized I was showing all the signs of addiction) over a decade ago, I would still have Civ IV installed and still be playing it today. It just didn't get old, because of how varied the game could become.

    • stodor895 hours ago
      Here's a perspective on "why civ 3" by one of the best civ 3 players: https://youtu.be/IOvWgfZiHGo?si=uvTWTaRQsfxE_ffN
      • II2II3 hours ago
        Thank you for the link. It is enlightening for someone who likes to play the game, but is not obsessive about a particular version. (I like the idea of Civilization, and will play it for that reason alone. More often than not, I will choose an older version simply because it is faster to load and play than for the intrinsic merits of the ruleset itself.)
    • packetlost5 hours ago
      3 is my favorite in the series, but maybe that's not a popular take.
    • toast06 hours ago
      FreeCiv covers civ 1 and 2 more or less.

      Personally, I didn't play much of 2 or 3, so I don't have strong feelings either way.

      • culi12 minutes ago
        UnCiv covers civ 5 as well so I think there's a place for something in between

        especially since openciv3 aims to fix some of civ 3's shortcomings

      • zozbot2345 hours ago
        Freeciv's point of interest is that it's not trying to exactly replicate any one of the original Civs: it has its default ruleset plus others that are closer to the original games, but it's very easy to make your own.
    • cyphar2 hours ago
      I must admit that there is a certain sense of nostalgia I get from playing Civ 3 that I never got from any of the other Civ games, but that's probably just because it was the first Civ game I played and got really hooked on as a young kid.
    • WildWeazel5 hours ago
      Because it was born out of the Civ3 modding community which has been wanting a remake for 20+ years.

      Sounds like you've been listening to Civ4 fans. ;) 3 is just as active on steam and has a very active and loyal multiplayer league.

    • daotoad3 hours ago
      Anecdata:

      I'm a Civ3 hater, give me 2 or 4 any day. 3 is my least favorite version of the game.

      But, OTOH, my wife is ride or die for Civ3.

    • TheGRS5 hours ago
      Can I tangent on your question here and ask what others think of Civ 7 now? When I learned about it I thought it was a day 1 game purchase for me for sure, but I held off when I saw a stream of bad reviews. I figured I'd come back when they ironed the problems out (as they've done in every major Civ release to my memory). Haven't taken the plunge yet.
      • Marsymars2 minutes ago
        I was big into Civ4. Put about 100 hours into Civ5 and felt that I'd entirely exhausted its strategic depth. Didn't bother with Civ6. Tom Chick hasn't bothered reviewing Civ7 but doesn't seem to be a fan based on forum comments, so I won't be bothering to play it.
      • JBAnderson54 hours ago
        They built it as a railroady board game instead of a sandbox video game. The rumors from their experimental workshop test and latest announcement make me hopeful for a big update in the spring. Until then, it doesn’t feel worth playing it more than a couple times through. Every game feels the same.
      • wewtyflakes4 hours ago
        It is _rough_. People say it has gotten better since release, but if you have not played it before, and were to play it fresh right now, it is not great. The UI is both dense and vapid at the same time, UI glitches/bugs, jarring all-or-nothing lock-step advancement of ages, etc.
      • bigstrat20034 hours ago
        I'm holding off on 7 myself. I think they deviated too hard from the formula such that it doesn't look like it's even still a Civ game. And while I'm open-minded enough to try it, I wasn't going to drop $70 on a game I had reason to suspect I would dislike. I figured I would wait until it was on game pass, or on sale for $5 someday.

        More recently I read that they are going to update the game such that you don't have to switch civs. That's a good start (though I still don't think I will like the era system at all), but reading the initial reviews a year ago I found out that the game cuts off abruptly in the mid 20th century, rather than going to the information age like normal. To me, that is blatantly unfinished, so I'm not planning to get the game until they fix that as well.

        • JojoFatsanian hour ago
          Civ is like TOS Star Trek movies: You can mostly avoid the even numbered ones!
    • afavour6 hours ago
      > with capabilities inspired by the best of the 4X genre and lessons learned from modding Civ3. Our vision is to make Civ3 as it could have been

      Looks to not be a straight remake. I wonder whether 3 is a preferable target because things like graphical complexity in >= 4 is too much.

    • warmwaffles6 hours ago
      I actually preferred Civ 3 to 2 and 4. It scratched a certain itch.
      • data-ottawa6 hours ago
        3 is still my favourite of the series. 5 was good too, but 3 overall feels complete and had great graphics.
        • warmwaffles2 hours ago
          The modding community was gigantic for 3 and was simply amazing being a part of it.
    • thrance5 hours ago
      There's Freeciv [1] for IV, and Unciv [2] for V. I doesn't have many fans, VI is too recent, and VII, well... Let's not talk about VII.

      > Civ fans tend to prefer [...]

      I'd say, each entry in the series gets love. The saying goes: "Your favorite Civ game is the first one you ever played". In my experience, that's pretty true (Still stuck on V).

      [1] https://www.freeciv.org/

      [2] https://github.com/yairm210/Unciv

      • bee_rider3 hours ago
        Yeah as a Civilization: Call to Power fan I have to say the “first game in the series I tried” affinity bonus is overwhelming.

        Alpha Centauri was objectively the best though.

      • chocochunks2 hours ago
        I think the first Civ I played WAS III (maybe II at a friend's house once before?) and it ain't my fav. It sits below IV and V and even VI and I don't really like VI all that much either...
    • JumpCrisscross6 hours ago
      Is 3 the one with forced retirement?
      • bigstrat20035 hours ago
        Not sure, I only started the series with 4.
    • TheRealPomax5 hours ago
      Civ 1 and 2 have already been done, so if you want to play those, hit up freeciv.
      • bigstrat20035 hours ago
        I'm aware. But why rebuild 3 rather than 4, in that case?
  • caminanteblanco4 hours ago
    For those like myself who have wanted this but for Civ1 (all 4 of us), someone on CivFanatics has made incredible progress, and the game is actually playable now: https://github.com/rajko-horvat/OpenCiv1
    • culi9 minutes ago
      So there's

      - OpenCiv1

      - FreeCiv (civ 2)

      - OpenCiv3

      - ???

      - UnCiv

      I'm curious why civ 4 is the one that got skipped. I feel like it's the one that is most commonly labelled as the "peak"

    • yobert3 hours ago
      I'm with you-- civ 1 is by far the best! I adore the wonky graphics. None of the new ones hit the same.
  • glimshe3 hours ago
    I once had 10 civil war-tech troops with rifles lined up against a fort with ONE bow and arrow troop. I lost every single one of my troops and that's the last time I've played Civ 3 in my life. Hopefully they addressed this issue...

    (PS: once a friend lost a battleship to a stone age militia in the original Civ)

    • daotoad3 hours ago
      I lost a nuke to a phalanx in Civ 1. Still salty about that _decades_ later.
    • supertrope3 hours ago
      Civ III battles are best thought of as dice rolls like the board game Risk. If you have more modern units you get to roll more dice but there's still a small chance archers defeat musketmen.
    • WildWeazelan hour ago
      tbh that's a civ rite of passage
  • rl34 hours ago
    It's really cool to see projects like this designed for dropping in assets from the proprietary version. The separation in the first place is unfortunate, but at least the capability exists.

    Civ III in my opinion had some of the best art of the entire series. The 3D feeling of the successor games are kind of off-putting by comparison.

    • 0cf8612b2e1e2 hours ago
      Isn’t that pretty common for the open source remakes? Let the programmers focus on the coding and outsource the art.
  • SPascareli132 hours ago
    Freeciv was what brought me too the civ world, I'm sure this project will be the same for many children of this generation.
  • 6 hours ago
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  • bigcat123456785 hours ago
    Yes CIV3 still feels to me the peak Civ experience.

    The content is a bit lacking though, would see more diversity in tech tree, and units.

  • tbmtbmtbmtbmtbm5 hours ago
    looks super cool. I'm a lifelong civ player but my first one was civ 4, so this seems like a fun chance to dip into some of the earlier ones. love that they're using Godot for the engine!
  • reconnecting5 hours ago
    Interesting choice of version.

    I just realised that the actual latest version of Die Ha… Civilization is VII (2025), and for me II remains the gold classic.

    Both in Civilisation and in Die Hard.

  • rkagerer2 hours ago
    Neat! Civ 3 was always my favorite version.
  • JumpCrisscross6 hours ago
    Any chance the AIs will be easily extensible?
  • syngrog664 hours ago
    UnCiv is the best FOSS clone of Civ I've played
  • jmyeet4 hours ago
    I have a long history with the Civ series. I spent a massive amount of time playing Civ1. My next most played was Civ4 and most of that wasn't the base game. It was a mod that had a very loyal fan base: Fall From Heaven 2 [1]. I have tried a couple of times to get all this to work on a modern PC but I think I'm played out on the game and I never quite get it off the gorund. I have a ton of nostalgia for it though.

    Civ5 started the whole hex thing, which I was never excited about. Yes, Civ4 had stacks of doom but Civ5 turned into a puzzle of moving units in order because you could only have one per hex.

    Anyway, Civ2 and Civ3 never got as much play from me. I'm a little surprised that people had the same enthusiasm. My memory of these 2 was that they just added a bunch of tedium, like I distinctly remember that tile improvement changed to turning farms into supermarkets. It's been a lot of years so I might be misremembering. Maybe I just dind't give them enough time. Or maybe nothing could capture my initial enthusiasm for the novelty that was Civ1.

    Anyway, i'm always happy to see projects like this. Games really do live forever. Like people will invent software for free to keep running them (ie emulators).

    The Civ series has kinda defied the usual trend to entshittification. I'm really thinking of SimCity here. It's hard to describe how much EA shit the bed with SimCity %, so much so that it basically launched Cities: Skylines, which itself has had issues with the CS2 launch.

    Does Civ3 have a massive fanbase compared to Civ1, Civ2 or Civ4? I really don't know.

    [1]: https://forums.civfanatics.com/threads/mod-fall-from-heaven-...

  • jlarocco4 hours ago
    I don't know about the dedicated Civilization fans, but 3 was the only version I played.

    I didn't play it much, but when I did I'd play for 6+ hours at a time. I'll check this out later tonight, and might see if I can find the old CD and get the original running.

    • sevensor3 hours ago
      Ooof, good luck. Civ3 copy protection was intense. I had to get out my old Win2k disk and stand up a VM. Attempts to rip an iso will be complicated by the fact that they deliberately wrote bad data to the disk. All of this is surmountable, but unless you enjoy a very particular kind of fun, you may prefer to spend $2 on GoG.
  • 5 hours ago
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  • Joel_Mckay5 hours ago
    How does this compare with https://freeciv.org for game play =3
    • WildWeazel5 hours ago
      Gameplay wise this is a straight remake of Civ3 as a baseline, while allowing much greater customization. Freeciv is definitely an inspiration, but it's kind of its own thing.
    • dleslie5 hours ago
      Not sure, when Civ2Civ3 is now the default ruleset in Freeciv.

      https://freeciv.fandom.com/wiki/Civ2civ3

  • d_silin5 hours ago
    Another awesome game - Civ II inspired.

    http://www.c-evo.org/

  • PlatoIsADisease4 hours ago
    Wake me up when OpenCiv4, but only when there's an option for smart AI rather than boosted fake AI.

    I remember losing 6pm to 3am playing civ 4 one time. One more turn...

    (But I'm not sure what I need openCiv for... the steam game is good. Maybe its just useful for the long term.)

    • 1980phipsi4 hours ago
      I would love to see someone use modern machine learning techniques to make a kick ass Civ AI.
  • jrm45 hours ago
    uh oh

    yeah, that's dangerous for me, this is the ONE that got me started