> The dichotomy between female figures associated with fertility and nurturing and male figures linked to power and strength suggests that gender roles were well defined in these communities.

Of course. This is the standard outcome of anisogamy, i.e. reproduction involving two different gamete types: typically large gametes (eggs) and small gametes (sperm). This is the biological basis for the male/female sex distinction.

Culture (and science) fiddle with the biological imperatives but cannot erase them and the further you go back in time the more biology rules.

"All kneel before the god of biomechanics, by sword or by surrender."

- Roissy