Many of them _are_ obvious spam: submitted from freshly created accounts, meaning that they're not HN users, promoting a paid service or product, and with an accompanying post that looks like an advertising blurb instead of written to show readers something interesting.

I noticed that the "Show" part is now often an afterthought and many more people just drop ads for their product.

slop, or worse, condoning slop (Slop images in a human written blog post, etc); only serves to confuse and muddle.

Obvious slop.