There's only two authors! That's so rude!

et al should never be applied when only two authors!!!

High bandwidth memory (HBM) can deliver TB/s of memory bandwidth and has completely shattered the memory wall for individual cores/compute elements. The only way for compute to keep up is going wide and parallel as seen in GPUs.

Despite this, massively increased memory bandwidth does not translate to material performance improvements on non-parallel compute tasks because few tasks are actually memory bandwidth bound, instead being memory latency bound.

The best known general solutions for improving memory latency are per-compute element memory caches. Unfortunately, this increases the complexity and size of your compute elements forcing you to reduce the number of compute elements, but a large number of compute elements is the only way to saturate HBM memory bandwidth.

To keep up the best known techniques are either algorithmically batch which allows you to go wide using vector/batch instructions or you go the GPU route with memory latency-hiding parallelism.

Oh my knowledge is woefully out of date. But I believe the memory wall is a fact of life for the most part. Like many others, I nibbled around the edges of the constraint at massive cost in increased complexity. Outside of very specific exceptions the cure tends to be worse than the disease.

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