You can accomplish something similar now by using multiple accounts, which Instagram supports on a single device. Although Instagram's algorithm already seems to deprioritize the accounts you are actually following in favor of suggestions and ads.

Basically, you are asking if people would like filters on their feeds. Yeah, sure, that seems like a good concept. But at the same time, it is a terrible idea for a new product - the second you show traction, the underlying platforms will just implement the same feature.