https://karlhiner.com/jupyter_notebooks/mathematics_of_the_d...
https://karlhiner.com/jupyter_notebooks/intro_to_digital_fil...
https://karlhiner.com/jupyter_notebooks/physical_audio_signa...
Those changed my life, in a sense. Not my professional life, but outside of work it led me down a deep rabbit hole into mathematics, digital signal processing, and even analogue electronics and some light RF engineering. (This is not relevant to my professional life, since I started to take great care not to make any more of my hobbies my job.)
I spent endless hours thinking about this stuff on my commute, and hunched over Matlab.
The other book I recommend is Richard G. Lyons "Understanding Digital Signal Processing".
I just want to see practical examples of how to process my array of floats to extract or attenuate different frequencies(in discrete integer increments), not read walls of math equations and how to derive the discrete form of continuous algorithms over a hundred pages of dense text.
This resource is for learning the why and the how, which makes the math rather important.
You don't need to be able to regurgitate it all on a test, but you must be comfortable with the general ideas behind the DFT and what motivates them.